Free Process Essays - How to Organize a Paintball Event :: Expository Process Essays

How to Organize a Paintball Event Ever dream of shooting your boss or coworkers? Perhaps you will get the chance if you offer to organize a company paintball event. It is a great way to promote teamwork and relieve aggression. Even if the coworker from hell is on the same team as you, keep in mind there is such a thing as â€Å"friendly fire† (â€Å"accidentally† shooting someone on your team). The first step is to check out local fields. Some things to look for are, the ratio of referees to players, goggle signs, barrel plugs and personality of the staff. Typically, playing fields are crowded on the weekend. Most fields will open during the week for a group of twenty or more, but do ask. Price is also a consideration; this is an expensive hobby. Expect to pay at least $85 for a case of paint, goggle rental and a paintball marker (gun) rental for a four-hour session. Preferably, try to plan the outing when the weather is comfortable. Playing in the 100 degree Texas heat would be rough on most corporate types. On the day of the event, it is best to dress in layers. Being hit with a paintball does sting. I recommend wearing gloves and a hat as handshots and headshots seem to hurt the most. Wear comfortable shoes, cleats if possible, if not tennis shoes with good tread. Most often, the playing fields are on grass or dirt surfaces. Usually fields have food and drinks for sale but to be on the safe side bring water, as dehydration is common for rookie players. The first stop after arriving at the field is the â€Å"Staging Area†. This area typically has tables to set your equipment on. After picking up the equipment from the staff, the referee will discuss how the markers (guns) work, how to fill the hoppers (what holds the paintballs) and most importantly safety issues. The first is, everyone chronographs their guns to be certain no one is shooting â€Å"hot† over 300 fps (feet per second). Secondly, always wear goggles. Eye injuries are the biggest injury risk of playing paintball and wearing goggles faithfully will prevent it. Thirdly, keep the barrel plug in the gun until the game begins. That way if your finger accidentally pulls the trigger the barrel plug slows down the velocity of the paintball and likely will not cause an injury.

Resarch and Statistics Paper Psy 315

Research and Statistics Paper Psy 315 Define and explain research and define and explain the scientific method (include an explanation of all five steps). Proper Research is primarily an investigation. Researchers and scientists gather data, facts, and knowledge to help better understand phenomenon, events and people. Through research, analysis, investigations, and experimentation, we gain a better understanding of our world. As I skimmed the text to find a definition, I found the word research several times on several of the pages in the first chapter.Research is fundamental to any scientific enterprise and statistics is no exception. The scientific method is the set of procedures that enable scientists and researchers to conduct investigations and experiments. Scientists observe an event and then form a hypothesis. A hypothesis is an educated guess about how something works. These researchers then perform experiments that support the hypothesis or these experiments prove it wrong. A conclusions can be made from the investigations and experiments with the data collected and analyzed. The conclusion helps to prove or disprove validity of the hypothesis.There are several steps that are followed in the scientific method. The steps to this method can be followed by answering questions before and along the way of the investigation. The scientific method can have five steps. The researcher asks themselves these questions and tries o find the answers: 1. What event or phenomenon are we investigating? 2. How does this event occur? A guess as to how the event happens is formed. This is our hypothesis. 3. How can we test this hypothesis? The experimenter then tests the hypothesis through experiments. 4. Are the results looking valid?The researcher records the observations. Does the experiment need to be changed? Possibly, the researcher adjusts the experiment as the data helps to fine tune the investigation. 5. Does the data support the hypothesis? The researcher analyz es the data. The analysis will have statistical information that is crucial to the investigator. Without statistics, there can be no real scientific analysis of the investigation or experiment. The analysis will tell the researcher if the hypothesis is supported or if they are in essence incorrect. Authors: Cowens, John Source: Teaching Pre K-8, Aug/Sep2006, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p42-46, 3p, 6 Color Photographs, 1 Graph Informastion from: Cowens, J. (2006, August/September). The scientific method. Teaching PreK-8, 37(1), 42. Define and substantively compare and contrast the characteristics of primary and secondary data (not sources). There are two ways that researchers obtain data, primary and secondary. Primary data is collected by the person conducting the investigation. Secondary data is collected from other sources. Primary data is information collected that is specifically geared toward the investigation. This specificity is a plus for primary data.Primary data can be expensive to co llect due to the expense of experimentation and surveys. The man hours can be high and the cost can be high. The time it takes to collect original data can be long and grueling. Secondary data can be a good resource due to the ease of availability. Secondary data can be less expensive and less time consuming. However, secondary data may be information that is not as specific to the investigation or collected for a different specific purpose. Rabianski J. Primary and Secondary Data: Concepts, Concerns, Errors, and Issues. Appraisal Journal [serial online].January 2003;71(1):43. Available from: Business Source Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 11, 2013 Explain the role of statistics in research. (Keep the focus within the field of psychology). ————————————————- Statistics plays a very large role in the field of psychology. Statistics is vital to research in any field of science. Before statistics and even now, people want to know if there is a real cause and effect when they experience an event. Early man (let’s call him Grog) would step out of his drab cave in the early morning.Grog would perhaps spot an eagle soaring across a beautiful clear blue sky. Our early man, Grog may then have a great day of hunting. Later, Grog would reflect and think about his good day and remember the early morning eagle. Grog would tell and possibly re-tell the tale to his fellow cave people. The appearance of the early morning eagle would become a â€Å"clear† and significant sign or omen that the day’s hunt would be good. This would be especially true if the omen appeared and the hunt was good more than once. Is this statistically significant?Grog did not have the proper tools ( not paper or stone or computer) nor the brain power to do the statistical procedures on his observations. This appearance and the resulting good hunt could be a real sig nificant event with true cause and effect or it could be pure chance and be nothing more than flimsy anecdotal evidence. Unfortunately for Grog, he did not have statistics or the expertise to perform the required investigations of proper research. Often, psychologists want to know what a person will do when confronted with a certain situation or stimulus or event.With inferential statistics researchers/psychologists use the information/data to infer or to make a conclusion based on the data from the research. â€Å"Probability† is derived from inferential statistics. How probable is it that a person will act a certain way can be answered through inferential/probability studies. ————————————————- The Cult of Statistical Significance By Stephen T. Ziliak and Deirdre N. McCloskey1 ———————————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Roosevelt University and University of Illinois-Chicago ————————————————- â€Å"The Cult of Statistical Significance† was presented at the Joint Statistical Meetings, Washington, DC, August 3rd, 2009, in a contributed session of the Section on Statistical Education. For comments Ziliak thanks many individuals, but especially Sharon Begley, Ronald Gauch, Rebecca Goldin, Danny Kaplan, Jacques Kibambe Ngoie, Sid Schwartz, Tom Siegfried, Arnold Zellner and above all Milo Schield for organizing an eyebrow-raising and standing-room only session. ————————————————- ————————————————- Psychological Research Methods and StatisticsEdited by Andrew M. Colman 1995, London and New York: Longman. Pp. xvi + 123. ISBN 0-582-27801-5 Research in psychology or in any other scientific field invariably begins with a question in search of an answer. The question may be purely factual — for example, is sleep-walking more likely to occur during the stage of sleep in which dreams occur, namely rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, than in dreamless (slow-wave) sleep? Alternatively, it may be a practical question — for example, can the use of hypnosis to recover long-forgottenexperiences increase the likelihood of false memories? According to current research findings, incidentally, the answers to these questions are no and yes respectively. ) A research question may arise from mere curiosity, from a theory that yields a prediction, or from previous research findings that raise a new question. Whatever its origin, provided that it concerns behaviour or mental experience and that it can be expressed in a suitable form for investigation by empirical methods — that is, by the collection of objective evidence — it is a legitimate question for psychological research. Psychological research relies on a wide range of methods.This is partly because it is such a diverse discipline, ranging from biological aspects of behaviour to social psychology and from basic research questions to problems that arise in such applied fields as clinical, educational, and industrial or occupational psychology. Most psychological research methods have the ultimate goal of answering empirical questions about behaviour or mental experience through controlled observation. But different questions call for different research methods, because the nature of a question often constrains the methods that can be used to answer it.This volume discusses a wide range of commonly used methods of research and statistical analysis. The most powerful research method is undoubtedly controlled experimentation. The reason for the unique importance of controlled experiments in psychology is not that they are necessarily any more objective or precise than other methods, but that they are capable of providing firm evidence regarding cause-and-effect relationships, which no other research method can provide. The defining features of the experimental method are manipulation and control.The experimenter manipulates the conjectured causal factor (called the independent variable because it is manipulated independently of other variables) and examines its effects on a suitable measure of the behaviour of interest, called the dependent variable. In multivariate research designs, the interactive effects of several independent variables on two or more dependent variables may be studied simultaneously. In addition to manipulating the independent variable(s) and observing the effects on the dependent variable(s), the experimenter controls all other extraneous variables that might influence the results.Cont rolled experimentation thus combines the twin features of manipulation (of independent variables) and control (of independent and extraneous variables). In psychological experiments, extraneous variables can seldom be controlled directly. One reason for this is that people differ from one another in ways that affect their behaviour. Even if these individual differences were all known and understood, they could not be suppressed or held constant while the effects of the independent variable was being examined.This seems to rule out the possibility of experimental control in most areas of psychology, but in the 1920s the British statistician Ronald Aylmer Fisher discovered a remarkable solution to this problem, called randomization. To understand the idea behind randomization, imagine that the experimenter wishes to test the hypothesis that the anti-depressive drug Prozac (fluoxetine hydrochloride) causes an increase in aggressiveness. The independent variable is ingestion of Prozac a nd the dependent variable is a score on some suitable test of aggressiveness.The experimenter could assign subjects to two treatment conditions strictly at random, by drawing their names out of a hat, for example, and could then treat the two groups identically apart from the manipulation of the independent variable. Before being tested for aggressiveness, the experimental group could be given a pill containing Prozac and the control group a placebo (an inactive dummy pill). The effect of the randomization would be to control, at a single stroke, for allextraneous variables, including ones of that the researcher had not even considered.For example, if two-thirds of the subjects were women, then each group would end up roughly two-thirds female, and if some of the subjects had criminal records for offences involving violence, then these people would probably be more or less even divided between the experimental and control groups, especially if the groups were large. Randomization wo uld not guarantee that the two groups would be identical but merely that they would tend to be roughly similar on all extraneous variables. More precisely, randomization would ensure that any differences between the groups were distributed strictly according to the laws of chance.Therefore, if the two groups turned out to differ on the test of aggressiveness, this difference would have to be due either to the independent variable (the effect of Prozac) or to chance. This explains the purpose and function of inferential statistics in psychology. For any specified difference, a statistical test enables a researcher to calculate the probability or odds of a difference as large as that arising by chance alone. In other words, a statistical test tells us the probability of such a large difference arising under the null hypothesisthat the independent variable has no effect.If a difference is observed in an experiment, and if the probability under the null hypothesis of such a large differ ence arising by chance alone is sufficiently small (by convention, usually less than 5 per cent, often written p < . 05), then the researcher is entitled to conclude with confidence that the observed difference is due to the independent variable. This conclusion can be drawn with confidence, because if the difference is not due to chance, then it must be due to the independent variable, provided that the experiment was properly controlled.The logical connection between randomized experimentation and inferential statistics is explained in greater depth in Colman (1988, chap. 4). A grasp of the elements of statistics is necessary for psychologists, because research findings are generally reported in numerical form and analysed statistically. In some areas of psychology, including naturalistic observations and case-studies (see below), qualitative research methods are occasionally used, and research of this kind requires quite different methods of data collection and analysis.For a sur vey of the relatively uncommon but none the less important qualitative research methods, including ethnography, personal construct approaches, discourse analysis, and action research, see the book by Banister, Burman, Parker, Taylor, and Tindall (1994). In chapter 1 of this volume, David D. Stretch introduces the fundamental ideas behind experimental design in psychology. He begins by explaining the appropriate form of a psychological research question and how incorrectly formulated questions can sometimes be transformed into questions suitable for experimental investigation.He then discusses experimental control, problems of sampling and randomization, issues of interpretability, plausibility, generalizability, and communicability, and proper planning of research. Stretch concludes his chapter with a discussion of the subtle and complex problems of measurement in psychology. He uses an extremely instructive example to show how two different though equally plausible measures of a de pendent variable can lead to completely different — in fact, mutually contradictory — conclusions.Chapter 2, by Brian S. Everitt, is devoted entirely to analysis of variance designs. These are by far the most common research designs in psychology. Everitt's discussion covers one-way designs, which involve the manipulation of only one independent variable; factorial designs, in which two or more independent variables are manipulated simultaneously; and within-subject repeated-measure designs, in which instead of being randomly assigned to treatment conditions, the same subjects are used in all conditions.Chapter 2 concludes with a discussion of analysis of covariance, a technique designed to increase the sensitivity of analysis of variance by controlling statistically for one or more extraneous variables called covariates. Analysis of covariance is sometimes used in the hope of compensating for the failure to control extraneous variables by randomization, but Everitt di scusses certain problems caused by such use. In chapter 3, A. W. MacRae provides a detailed discussion of the ideas behind statistics, both descriptive and inferential.Descriptive statistics include a variety of methods of summarizing numerical data in ways that make them more easily interpretable, including diagrams, graphs, and numerical summaries such as means (averages), standard deviations (measures of variability), correlations (measures of the degree to which two variables are related to each other), and so forth. Inferential statistical methods are devoted to interpreting data and enabling researchers to decide whether the results of their experiments are statistically significant or may be explained by mere chance.MacRae includes a brief discussion of Bayesian methods, which in contrast to classical statistical methods are designed to answer the more natural question: â€Å"How likely is it that such-and-such a conclusion is correct? † For more information on Bayesia n methods, the book by Lee (1989) is strongly recommended: it explains the main ideas lucidly without sidestepping difficulties Inferential Statistics For descriptive statistics such as correlation, the â€Å"mean,† or average, and some others that will be considered in context later in the book, the purpose is to describe or summarize aspects of behavior to understand them better.Inferential statistics start with descriptive ones and go further in allowing researchers to draw meaningful conclusions — especially in experiments. These procedures are beyond the scope of this book, but the basic logic is helpful in understanding how psychologists know what they know. Again recalling Bandura's experiment of observational learning of aggression, consider just the model-punished and model-rewarded groups. It was stated that the former children imitated few behaviors and the latter significantly more.What this really means is that, based on statistical analysis, the differenc e between the two groups was large enough and consistent enough to be unlikely to have occurred simply by â€Å"chance. † That is, it would have been a long shot to obtain the observed difference if what happened to the model wasn't a factor. Thus, Bandura and colleagues discounted the possibility of chance alone and concluded that what the children saw happen to the model was the cause of the difference in their behavior.Psychologists study what people tend to do in a given situation, recognizing that not all people will behave as predicted — just as the children in the model-rewarded group did not all imitate all the behaviors. In a nutshell, the question is simply whether a tendency is strong enough — as assessed by statistics — to warrant a conclusion about cause and effect. This logic may seem puzzling to you, and it isn't important that you grasp it to understand the many experiments that are noted throughout this book. Indeed, it isn't mentioned ag ain.The point of mentioning it at all is to underscore that people are far less predictable than chemical reactions and the like, and therefore have to be studied somewhat differently — usually without formulas. 1. 1 Determine appropriate measures based on an operational definition for research tools. Researchers utilize the method of operational definition to better tailor their research. They must know what all of the variables are, how to measure these variables and how they fit into the study. They must make sure that they are actually studying what they say they are studying.The definitions/parameters of the variables must be strictly defined. 1. 2 Select appropriate data collection methods to investigate psychological research problems. The research methods and the way all experimentations are collected must be done in a scientific, logical and ethical manner. Most research methods are either non-experimental, experimental, or quasi-experimental. These are separated by the number and extent of the of controls used. The controls help to account for the effect of variable use on the non-control or experiment group. 1. Examine the differences between descriptive and inferential statistics and their use in the social sciences. When a chart or graph (the shape of a distribution) is described in words, then one is using â€Å"descriptive statistics†. These descriptions can help to summarize and analyze a large amount of data. With inferential statistics researchers/psychologists use the information/data to infer or to make a conclusion based on the data from the research. â€Å"Probability† is derived from inferential statistics. How probable is it that a person will act a certain way can be answered through inferential/probability studies.REFERENCES: Aron, A. , Aron, E. , ; Coups, E. (2006). Statistics for psychology (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Allyn Bacon. Cowens, J. (2006). The scientific method. Teaching PreK-8, 37(1), 42. Hawthorne, G. (2003). The effect of different methods of collecting data: Mail, telephone and filter data collection issues in utility measurement. Quality of Life Research, 12(8), 1081. McPherson, G. R. (2001). Teaching ; learning the scientific method. The American Biology Teacher, 63(4), 242. .

Evolution Creationism - 2933 Words

Evolution and Creationism Outline: Thesis: Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution. I. Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution There is no easy resolution for whats true and evolution or creationism. It is a complex topic with profound scientific, religious, educational, and criticism. How can a student or parent come to grips with this issue? Evolution vs. Creationism provides a badly needed, comprehensive, and balanced introduction to the many facets of the current debates about what should be taught in a classroom or in reality itself. Evolution relies on scientific facts while creationism clings on biblical beliefs. But the legal and†¦show more content†¦People may lump all creationists together in one group, but it is important to understand where they differ and why. Creationism comes in many different shapes and sizes. Some creationists believe in a flat earth. Some believe in a young earth. Other creationists b elieve in an old earth. A few portray creationism as scientific and others hide or try to remove this idea that God had no part in creating the universe. A few admit that creationism is just a religious belief with no connection to science whatsoever. Criticism about Creationism The principle idea behind creationism is that the origin of natural objects is supernatural. As an example, the Christian tradition is that the land, sky, plants and animals were created by a supernatural or also known as God. As Young and Strode state, â€Å"Within this basic idea are themes are variations; some cultures believe that plants and animal species are unchanging, others believe that different species can arise from existing species but the original species were put into being in a supernatural way† (55). Some think the creation event happened very recently, within historical times thousands of millions of years before present day. It should be emphasized that amongst the scientific community it really is only a tiny potion who consider aShow MoreRelatedEvolution Of Creationism And Creationism907 Words   |  4 Pages Evolution and creationism The debate about whether evolution and creationism be taught in schools has existed for years. Some parents are allowing their religious beliefs hinder the education of their children. According to Phy-Olsen, â€Å"American students have lower scores in mathematics and the sciences than comparable students in other industrialized nations.†(9). Many people feel that science goes against religion and they don t want this taught in the schools. If you teach justRead MoreThe Evolution Of Creationism And Evolution1276 Words   |  6 PagesCreationism and Evolution is a heavily discussed topic all over the world, sparking controversy on every turn. Whether humanity evolved from monkeys over time or was created instantly by an almighty God; that has been the debate between creationist and scientist since Charles Darwin came forth with the evolution theory in the late eighteen-fifties. It’s hard to contest against the facts of science. Science tells us that the Earth wa s created relatively 4.5 billion years ago and life evolved fromRead MoreThe And Evolution Between Creationism And Creationism1023 Words   |  5 Pages So what is the answer to how to present our students with the opportunity to make their own decisions? According to the laws and court decisions as of today, it is highly unlikely that Creationism will be granted equal time in the biology classroom any time soon. The Ohio standards for science include evolution as a core component mandating that biology teachers incorporate natural selection and the history of life on earth as part of the curriculum. One strategy, presented by the National CenterRead MoreEvolution Creationism Vs. Creationism924 Words   |  4 PagesAny point of contact with the scientific world in the 21st century will eventually lead one to the one of the most hotly contested topic in American education, that of evolution versus creationism. While the creationist point of view, as well as the evolutionary perspec tive, hosts a great variation of opinion amongst its supporters, Christianity is brought to the center stage time after time (Vuletic, 1994). Literal interpretation of the Book of Genesis’ account of creation falls contrary to theRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution Of Creationism977 Words   |  4 PagesThe theory of evolution is at odds with the views of many religions, and many people want to allow a religious view of creationism to be taught in the public school system. The foundation of evolution is based upon the belief that the origin of all ordered complex systems, including living creatures, can be explained by natural laws without the initiation or intervention of God. A person who believes in the biblical model of creation is viewed by some non- believers as a naive, narrow-minded religiousRead MoreCreationism And Evolution Of School1957 Words   |  8 Pages Creationism and Evolution in school Almost every child has to go to school at some point in his or her life. â€Å"The legal age is between six and fifteen years old. Whether it is home school, private school, public school, or any other way of being taught, it is a law that you have to attend school until you are sixteen.† (Queensland Para 1) That is, unless you can prove to the State Department of Education that you should not be in school. What is taught in school applies to almost all AmericansRead MoreCreationism Vs. Evolution1130 Words   |  5 Pages Where do we come from? The creation of the world has been told through many different stories, and from a variety of religions across the world. The argument between evolution and creation has been debated back and forth for years. So how do we know which claim is correct? Has all life evolved from simple bacteria to all the species that appear today, or did life on earth begin with Gods creation of Adam from dust and his partner Eve from adam’s rib bone. As a child I grew up attending church everyRead More Evolution Vs. Creationism Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesEvolution vs. Creationism Abstract In the history of science vs. religion there have been no issues more intensely debated than evolution vs. creationism. The issue is passionately debated since the majority of evidence is in favor of evolution, but the creation point of view can never be proved wrong because of religious belief. Human creation breaks down into three simple beliefs; creation theory, naturalistic evolution theory, and theistic evolution theory. The complexities of all threeRead More Creationism vs. Evolution Essays1663 Words   |  7 PagesCreationism vs. Evolution This paper will focus on the huge controversy between Creationism and Evolution. I will provide two opposing viewpoints on this subject. First, the discussion will focus on the question of why many people believe that God created the universe and all living things. On the other end of the spectrum, scientific information will be presented that substantiates the evidence against the existence of God. This creationism counter-argument known as evolution has itsRead MoreCreationism vs. Evolution Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesassumptions with empirically deduced scientific theories. The Catholic Church had a nasty habit of persecuting such ideological dissent toward creationism, calling it heresy and thereby somewhat suppressing a complete upheaval of the Scriptures. For many centuries to come, the scientific research grew and developed into theories like the Big Bang and evolution, though primarily in places where such progress was tolerated. The state of Tennessee in 1925 was not such a place. In the town of Dayton

The Treatment Of Physician Assisted Suicide - 1025 Words

Just imagine†¦the invitation arriving in the mail, it was no ordinary invite. The days of physical misery and suffering that lead up to this final celebration of life were unbearable to watch. Having a terminally ill family member is hard because you know the days, weeks and months are numbered. Quality of life, what is that anyway? Each passing hour has the quality of life diminishing to unimaginable physical pain and anguish. Watching someone you love slip away and turn into a shell of who they once were is unbearable. This invitation is special. This special day and every precious hour will give the loved ones a time to say goodbye just before they die with dignity in physician assisted suicide. Terminally ill patients have the right to end their own lives using physician assisted suicide (PAS) without repercussions of laws and people with opposing opinions. According to an article from CNN.com, there are currently five states in the U.S. where physician-assisted suicide is currently legal. In order to be eligible legally for PAS the patient must have six months or less to live. In the states of Oregon, California, Vermont, Washington and Montana a physician can prescribe medications to move along the death without being prosecuted for murder. It is hard to know the correct statistics on just how many physician assisted suicides happen across the U.S. Since it is illegal in the majority of the states it is not something that is reported because those assistingShow MoreRelatedThe Treatment Of Physician Assisted Suicide1895 Words   |  8 Pages There are many differences between PAS and euthanasia, let s take a look at some of them. Physician assisted suicide means that the physician makes lethal means available to the patient, that can be used when the patient chooses. PAS is also defined as a patient who died by performing the last act of suicide. Euthanasia would mean the physician takes an active role in carrying out the patient s request. For the patient to receive PAS, they would have to take the medication when they are stillRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : A Legal Medicine Treatment3241 Words   |  13 Pages2014 Physician Assisted Suicide Physician assisted suicide has been discussed on various occasions. You will find a lot of controversy with this topic because it s not only a matter of what the patient wants, but a matter of what s correct among the groups. Right off the bat you see that the US, Oregon, Washington and Montana have legalized the practice of physician assisted suicide. (HRF 2014) In 2013 Vermont declared suicide with prescribed medication was a legal medical treatment. Read MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Is Not A Beneficial Treatment For Medical Patients1350 Words   |  6 PagesPhysician-Assisted Suicide Imagine having a relative with a terminal illness; perhaps this person feels that their only option is assisted-suicide. Now, put yourself into their shoes. Would you choose to live the rest of your days in pain, or would you choose to die with a sense of dignity? Physician-assisted suicide has been prohibited for many years and many physicians have given their input on the subject, enlightening many on the fundamentals of assisted-suicide; others have stated their opinionsRead MoreWhat Is Physician Assisted Suicide?939 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Physician assisted suicide? Requests to end suffering through physician assisted suicide have occurred since the beginning of medicine. This technique to end ones life is very controversial and some argue that it should be legal while others argue otherwise. There are multiple advantages and disadvantages when it comes to physician assisted suicide. In physician assisted suicide, the physician provides the necessary means to end a patient’s life, but the patient themselves performs the actRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide, When Is It Acceptable?1709 Words   |  7 PagesPhysician-Assisted Suicide, When is it acceptable? Assisted suicide had raised issues of great importance in the society particularly the most controversial of all, the physician assisted suicide in the health care field. Since Oregon and other states implemented the legalization of physician assisted suicide, the debates continues. The U.S. Supreme Court decisions in 1997 and the Pain Relief Promotion Act of 2000 (H.R. 5544) have kept these topics on the policy of the national agenda, along withRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide Should Be Morally Permissible1663 Words   |  7 PagesPhysician assisted suicide should be morally permissible. Patients who are in constant suffering and pain have the right to end their misery at their own discretion. This paper will explore my thesis, open the floor to counter arguments, explain my objections to the counter arguments, and finally end with my conclusion. I agree with Brock when he states that the two ethical values, self-determination and individual well-being, are the focal points for the argument of the ethical permissibility ofRead MoreThe Progressive Case Against Assisted Suicide1413 Words   |  6 Pagesunder physician-assisted suicide. Unfortunately, she had to relocate from California, where her friends and family lived, to Oregon in order to fall under the â€Å"Die With Dignity† act. According to euthanasia.procon.org, only four states in the whole country have legalized assisted suicide. Unfortunately, there are many like Maynard, who have to relocate and leave their home or go through a long and strenuous court battle to receive this treatment plant. This is due to the disapproval of physician-assistedRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide is NOT Ethical Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesIs physician assisted suicide morally right? This has been a controversial subject for some time now. People are wondering whether or not it is the most humane thing to do. If dogs can be putdown, why not people? The reason is in that question. They are people. Ever y life is important, no matter how long it may be. Instead of finding a way to get rid of people faster, the government could put those efforts in something more positive. If other people are considering whether or not the patients’ lifeRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide : A Controversial Subject1692 Words   |  7 PagesPhysician-assisted suicide is a controversial subject all around the world. Although it is legal in some countries and states, such as the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Oregon, Montana, Washington, and Vermont it is not yet legal in most (Finlay, 2011). People travel from all around the world to these locations to receive information. Physician-assisted suicide is when terminally ill and mentally capable patients perform the final act themselves after being provided with the required meansRead MoreNew Client. Professor__. English___. 2/28/17. The Implications1182 Words   |  5 Pageschoices without any external influences, a competent adult can re fuse medical treatment, even in situations where this could result in his/her death. However, when it comes to actively ending a life via euthanasia it becomes an extensively debate regarding the rights of an individual to make that choice. The article â€Å"A Doctor-Assisted Disaster for Medicine† loosely examines the negative implications of assisted suicide laws on patients. Toffler’s article sheds light upon how the law has changed the

Essay on Google Inc, in China - 7565 Words

Case Study Analysis Template Analyst’s Name:  ¶ Levi Mohorich Date:  ¶ 2/23/14 Case Study Name:  ¶ Google, Inc., in China I. The Pre-Analysis: A. Perspective: 1. Author’s Perspective. Describe the perspective of the author(s) of the case study and possible biases of the author(s):  ¶ The case was wrote by Kirsten E. Martin, the Assistant Professor of Business Administration at George Washington University, School of Business. She has her Ph.D. from Darden Graduate School of Business, University of Virginia. Her main research interests are business ethics, privacy, technology and stakeholder theory. It might be possible that she is biased towards China for their privacy restrictions and†¦show more content†¦I will also bracket my little knowledge of China’s restriction on social media that could cause me to be biased towards them. II. The Situation: C. Facts. List the facts relevant to the issue(s) identified: *  ¶ Google, Inc. was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin (which remained private until 2004) * Page and Brin did this while at Stanford as graduate students. * Google’s PageRank technology â€Å"measures the importance of different Wed pages by solving an equation with more than 500 million variables and 2 billion terms.† * Google’s Corporate Ethos/Motto * In 2004, Brin and Page wrote a founders’ letter. It stated, â€Å"Don’t be evil. We believe strongly that in the long term, we will be better served—as shareholders and in all other ways—by a company that does good things for the world even if we forgo some short-term gains. This is an important aspect of our culture and is broadly shared within the company.† * The company’s focus on the user influenced most of its decisions. * It refused to make any changes that did not offer some kind of benefit to its users. * In 2005, Google had a positive cash flow o f $3.45 billion and starting in 2006, was generating more than $1 billion in cash every quarter. * Google had revenue of $6.14 billion and a net profit margin of 25.18%. * In 2006, Google launches aShow MoreRelatedGoogle Inc. in China Essay7722 Words   |  31 Pagesï » ¿Case Study Analysis Template1 Analyst’s Name:  ¶ Date:  ¶ Case Study Name:  ¶Google Inc., in China I. The Pre-Analysis: A. Perspective: A.1. Describe the perspective2 of the author(s) of the case study and the possible biases that might result from that perspective:  ¶ The case study is titled Google Inc., In china, written by Kirsten E. Martin for the Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics. 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Economic and Political Causes for the American Revolution free essay sample

An additional factor in the company was the Townsend Act. The British Parliament was illegally taxing. As a result, the colonists boycotted British goods (Document C). The Tea Act made the colonies economically inferior to that of Englands. The Tea Act was an act where the colonies merchants were being evaded and the British took over the trading. This hurt the economic success of the colonists, multitudes strengthened in resentment and soon after the Boston Tea Party followed (Document F).The British were furious at the colonial resistance to British law. In retaliation the Intolerable Act was passed. The Intolerable Act deactivated the Boston Port at Massachusetts Bay. Deactivating the port also deactivated the center of economic success for the colonies (Document H). England was also limiting the colonists to raw material production, which also hindered their economic success. It can be assumed, that the American Revolution was caused more by political factors because the British overspent wanted to change the way the colonies were ran. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic and Political Causes for the American Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Factors such as deprivation of trial by jury and the right to assemble, grieve, and petition the king (Document E). Another political factor was the colonies natural and legal rights were constantly being annexed by the Parliament (Document H). Since the colonies suffered more due to the economic reason, it can be concluded that the American Revolution was caused more by economic reasons than political reasons. Economic and Political Causes for the American Revolution free essay sample The stamp act was protested upon the principle of no taxation without representation. The stamp act was affecting virtually all the colonists, and restricted economic prosperity, thus colonists protested it. The Townsend acts were also a factor in the economy. The parliament was taxing illegally! Most colonists agreed, and a boycott of British goods resulted. When the British passed the Currency act, this left the paper money worthless, and the colonists had to rely on England for Hard Currency. The colonies were economically subordinate to England by the tea ND coercive acts.The tea act was an act where the colonist merchants were being bypassed, and the British did the trading. This hurt the economic prosperity of the colonists, mobs had strengthened in anger and the Boston tea Party followed. The British were irate at the colonial resistance to British law, therefore the British passed the Coercive Act or Intolerable Act. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic and Political Causes for the American Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Intolerable act closed off the Boston Port, which closed off the center of economic prosperity of New England. England was also limiting the colon sits to raw material production, which hindered the colonists economic rookeries.The colonists saw a conspiracy to destroy their liberty in British policies. So, when the colonists were forming the Declaration of Independence, the main goal was to show the Americans concern for the importance of liberty. The colonials claimed that Parliament had the sovereign power to legislate in the interest of the entire British Empire, but that it could only tax those actually represented in Parliament. The military struggle, indeed, was preceded by a long and fierce political contest, of which it formed the inevitable conclusion.

Managing gender diversity in ASOS plc

Introduction ASOS plc is a fashion and beauty-retailing corporation that operates and sells its products online. The company has its headquarters in the United Kingdom. In addition, the corporation transacts its business in many countries outside Europe. In fact, the firm has over fifty thousand branded and labeled products to the clients spread across one hundred and ninety countries.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing gender diversity in ASOS plc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Further, the firm, from its delivery centers in the United Kingdom distributes the products to diverse destinations around the globe (ASOS, 2011). The bulk of ASOS plc customers are derived from the young people within their twenties since the group consumes most of the corporation’s fashion products. As a result, the corporation boasts of a customer base of over seventeen million clients across the world. The aims of the company The establishment of the company was based on the aim of achieving the status of a world leader in online fashion and beauty retail industry. Therefore, the company’s philosophy and smaller goals are critical in the attainment of the broader objectives. The organisation’s philosophy calls for the integrating both the interests of the shareholders and the executive level through fairness in the division of rewards, perils as well as participation in the company’s state of affairs (ASOS, 2011). In addition, profitability remains one of the major aims of ASOS plc to be achieved through organic growth and capital investment. Increase in productivity of the company will be a recipe for the delivery of returns to the shareholders. Moreover, taking into account the interests of the stakeholders including the personnel, shareholders, and suppliers, the communities in which they function and other stakeholders remain critical in the operations of the operations o f ASOS plc. Of great importance, the firm aspires to sustain its global expansion through opening specific websites that are able to attract large masses in the countries where the organisation conducts its businesses. Further, ASOS plc’s promotional techniques have proved invaluable in aiding the organisation to position over the rival retail online businesses in the world markets. In addition, the organisation intends to expand its labels and set up its independent credentials as the global fashion trademark (ASOS, 2011). The firm also aims to deliver gross margin efficiency that will be reinvested in the pricing and prepositioning of the clients. In essence, ASOS has a dedication of ensuring that it achieves the status of a worldwide head in the online retail industry through targeting the younger generation. As such, the firm constantly modifies its pricing techniques as well as the products to acquire large number of clients (ASOS, 2011). The company products provide ext ra worth to its clients and are in line with the market demands.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The strategic policies To attain its goals and objectives, the company must have strategic plans that take into consideration its core competencies. One of the areas that company emphasizes is the management of its human resources. Being a global company requires competent expertise to enable the organisation expand and remain competitive into the international market. Diversity within the workforce remains critical within the international corporations (ASOS, 2011). ASOS plc employees remain diversified not only in terms of other factors but also in terms of gender. Managing diversity within the workforce is one of the strategic plans the company undertakes to attain its international expansion goals. Diversified workforce remains significant for the attainment of the objective s of the company within the international marketplace. The human resources strategic plans includes policies that will ensure the company hires and promote men in executive positions but also women with high achievements and academic qualifications. Managing gender diversity within an organisation The operations of an organisation’s personnel can be diversified in various ways including gender. Considering the gender attributes in the workplace among many business organisations, women have always received the least representation especially at the top levels of corporate management (Badgett, 2005). However, the company has increasingly recognised the importance of incorporating educated women at the influential levels of governance. For instance, over the past years, several women encountered a number of bottlenecks in their aspirations to develop their careers and reach higher levels of management in most of the UK as well as other leading global companies. Just to begin wit h, the foremost obstacle faced was the discrimination based on gender where women were not allowed to gain top positions in management (Bielby Baron, 2000). However, with the development of education, women are moving from the low skilled positions to highly skilled positions (Blandford, 2003). The tendency has been attributed to the steps that current organisations are undertaking in eliminating the structures that discriminated women from the top job positions. In fact, most organisations have increasingly recognised the imperative role played by embracing gender diversity in augmenting the company’s output as well as reputations (Goodman et al., 2003). ASOS plc international expansion depends on the reputation the company have build overtime.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing gender diversity in ASOS plc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The gender diversity policy within the workforce is aimed at increasing the company reputation. Since the company majorly deals in women wares, taking into the consideration the development of women particularly in their careers remain critical for the company development and growth in the international market. With the escalating individual dedication towards breaking through into the male dominated corporate executive positions, various organisations presently are initiating programs aimed at training women with the aspirations of working at the top ladder of management (Duehr Bono, 2006). ASOS plc is one of the UK companies that are working towards this endeavor. In this regard, the organisation recommends that human resource managers augment the business initiatives offering mentorship to women employees. Further, the development of cultural blueprint that values the advancements achieved by women in their careers is inevitable within the company. Concerning the traditional viewpoint, women are believed to be non-performers (Bell Kl ein, 2001). However, several studies portray women as great achievers in top-level management of corporate. The conventional belief has halted women from rising to top management positions as per their aspirations (Bilimoria, 2006). Ideally, gender based discrimination is frequent in the operations of most organisations due to the clear social structures between men and women in the workplace. For example, the social arrangements bar women from rising up to certain positions reserved for men. Therefore, to ensure equality and fairness in the workplace, the organisation has put in place arrangements such as equal remunerations, equal promotions, equal opportunities and equal responsibilities as well as development of a culture that is non-discriminative in terms of sexual category, race or ethnicity (Berg Lien, 2002). Mentoring is also a significant undertaking that the human resource department should stress on since it allows flourishing of women in the workplace endeavours. Furth er, members from minority groups should be accorded both psychological and career support in their aspirations of reaching top levels of management (Button, 2001). In other words, the success of an organisation depends on recognising the likely effects of pursuing dimensions inclined towards gender discrimination on the general performance of the firm. In addition, additional gains to the firm result from the development of a cultural dimension that embraces equality and diversity.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Managing diversity involves the recognising the significance of a diversified personnel in the corporate. In essence, the leveraging the variability of the employees by the management is imperative (Blum et al., 2004). The organisation achieves diversity through ensuring an all-inclusive environment where all employees are offered with equal prospects, treatment and participation in the organisation’s state of affairs. ASOS plc’s Policies and practices for managing gender diversity ASOS plc, just like other international companies has achieved major successes in managing gender diversity in the workplace. The United Kingdom’s equality and human rights commission also recognises the positive shift in balance of gender in the workplaces over the past. The changes have been attributed to the increased societal advancements where women are acquiring education thereby providing them with the required qualifications for top-level management (Barnum Liden, 2005). As o pposed to the traditional society where men were the main beneficiaries of the top executive positions as women stayed at homes, none of these is the case anymore in the ASOS plc Corporation. In fact, many women are gaining higher positions due to increase in career development by women (Martins Parsons, 2007). ASOS plc has initiated several policies and practices that have proven fruitful in the management of gender issues. First, the pressure that arises from the demands of work and household chores is a familiar shortcoming to several women in the workplace. For example, pregnant women are forced into choosing family duties at the expense of career because most organisations fail to adopt elastic working conditions for such cases (Carpenter, 2005). Further, when women take break for motherhood to resume their duties in most companies, they are more disadvantaged since they have to begin from square one (Chatman, O’Reilly, 2004). On the contrary, ASOS has a flexible arran gement that permits maternity breaks from career for expectant women. The process of selection for job positions is always full of preconceived notions. For instance, women who seek high positions face the challenge of a supposition that top management positions require a specific approach of carrying out tasks thereby overlooking the situations where leadership is attained through exterior screening and interviews (Harcourt et al., 2005). ASOS plc has a selection process that lacks predisposition and is based on qualifications of the individuals. Further, the firm encourages innovativeness among its employees by allowing diverse work styles without sticking to particular approach. The ASOS plc exploits the talents of its female employees through the rebalancing of the organisation’s executive gender mix. Studies show that returns on equity are augmented in corporations whose executive gender blends are balanced (Goldberg Konrad, 2004). Further, the firm promotes its employe es based on the assessment of their outputs as opposed to sexual orientation. Moreover, increased orientation of the company towards a task focused enterprise as opposed to desk focused business continuously enhance the adaptability of its workforce, both men and women to sustain their career aspirations (Kalev et al, 2006). ASOS plc also offers initiatives aimed at building an all-encompassing situation for both sexes in the workplace. For example, the company offers a corresponding family medical leave for men and women. As a result, the organisation has achieved equality among its employees irrespective of sexual orientation. Moreover, the firm has developed a workplace culture that free from stalking, favouritism as well as discrimination based on gender thereby offering equal opportunity for all employees to achieve their peak capabilities (Graves Elsass, 2005). The gender diversity programs of the company In general, ASOS plc is one of the technological retail firms that embr ace diverse culture within the organisational operations around the world. The policy of the organisation on workplace diversity emphasizes on gender inclusion in all its business processes worldwide. The reason for inclusion is to provide equal opportunity and encourage individuals to improve and develop their skills and careers (Dahlin et al., 2005). The company encourages the participation and success of cultural diversity within the workforce to enhance its capability in attaining its objectives. The success and participation of cultural diversity is enhanced through celebrative programs within the organisation. The company has developed several programs and celebrations that encourage not only the workplace diversity but also diversity among the various stakeholders including customers and suppliers. Inclusiveness is critical for the success of the company. In addition, the company has established an online program that encourages inclusion and diversity conversations. The prog ram is opened not only for the employees but also for other users of the company online website. The company collects suggestions and information on how to implement gender related issues in the workplace. The open conversation also encourages equal participation among the company employees. The company values teamwork where all employees are given equal opportunity of participation (Lee Farh, 2004). The diversity programs ensure that the company rewards managers that have shown greater effort in leadership, passion and commitment to diversity. Such annual rewards encourage line managers to consider gender in all the operations of the company. Recommendations The company should put in place and implement strategic human resources techniques in managing diversity within the workforce particularly gender. Strategic human resources management focusing on gender diversity will enable the organisation gain more benefits. In other words, planned human resources management procedures that emphasizes on the gender diversity will enable the organisation take maximum advantage of variability within its workforce. In addition, adopting strategic human resources in managing workplace gender diversity enable the organisation develop practices and processes that lead to the realisation of maximum benefits. Moreover, strategic human resources will make the organisation provide a vision, show commitment and communicate the benefits to all top-level management of the organisation. Further, gender related diversity as part of the human resources strategic plan would be developed and aligned to the general organisations’ tactical plan. Besides, the strategic human resources management should ensure that diversity within the workforce particularly gender related issues are directly associated with the organisations’ performance. The knowledge that diverse and all-encompassing environment is motivating and leads to increased productivity enable the human resources m anagement to align the individual performances with the goals of the company. In other words, the individual performances should not be evaluated based on characteristics such as gender rather on their capabilities. The company human resources should come up with strategic workforce management plans that enable the organisation develop qualitative and non-qualitative actions that result on different facets of general diversity programs. For example, the company remunerations and promotions should be based on the individual performances of the employees. Moreover, the company’s strategic human resource management should ensure continuous process of identifying and developing a varied team of workers who are talented and make certain potential future growth of the company. In other words, the company human resources management should put in place programs that ensure continuous recruitment of talented young workforce based on their capabilities and qualifications. The company s hould totally do away with traditional methods of human resources management procedures and adopt the current strategic workforce management plans containing processes that maintain a continuous inflow of diversified workers. The strategic human resources managers should also ensure that workers are trained in various aspects of diversity and develop a culture that embraces variations in the workplace particularly gender. Conclusion To remain competitive and relevant in the modern global marketplace, ASOS plc must embrace gender diversity within its workforce. Gender diversity has several benefits to the company. Besides increased productivity, gender diversity ensures enhanced brand reputation of the firm, which is critical in the international expansion strategies. 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Carpenter, C 2005, â€Å"Self-reported sexual orientation and earnings: evidence from California,† Industrial and Labor Relations Review, vol.58 no.4, 258−273. Chatman, J O’Reilly, C 2004, â€Å"Asymmetric reactions to work group sex diversity among men and women,† Academy of Management Journal, vol .47 no.2, pp.193−208. Dahlin, K, Weingart, L Hinds, P 2005, â€Å"Team diversity and information use,† Academy of Management Journal, vol.48 no.6, pp.1107−1123. Duehr, E Bono, J 2006, â€Å"Men, women, and managers: are stereotypes finally changing?† Personnel Psychology, vol.59 no.4, pp.815−847. Goldberg, C Konrad, A 2004, â€Å"Job and industry fit: the effects of age and gender matches on career progress outcomes,† Journal of Organizational Behavior, vol.25 no.2, pp.807−829. Goodman, J, Fields, D Blum, T 2003, â€Å"Cracks in the glass ceiling: In what kinds of organizations do women make it to the top?† Group Organization Management, vol.28 no.6, pp.475−501. 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